Ototoxic Drugs
Ototoxic drugs that cause sensorineural loss include quinine, streptomycin,
neomycin and kanamycin. Neomycin is often an ingredient in eardrops. The
product label will state that use is contraindicated if there is a perforation
in the tympanic membrane.
Ototoxic drugs are given as antibiotics. The suspected site for damage
by ototoxic drugs is the spiral ganglion.
When common drugs, like aspirin, can cause a temporary threshold
shift and tinnitus, although this reversible when the aspirin
is discontinued. Many people with arthritis rely heavily on
aspirin.
1.) Some of the drugs reported to cause tinnitus also produce
a permanent or temporary hearing loss. Some of those doses
producting a permanent hearing loss and tinnitus are drugs
such as the aminoglycoside antiboitics and cisplatin.
Aminoglycoside antibiotics:
Amikacin, Gentamicin, Kanamycin, Noemycin, Streptomycin,
Tobramycin.
2.) Example of drugs that produce a temporary hearing loss
and tinnitus are aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory
drugs, furosemide, ethacrynic acid and erythromycin.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory:
Asprin, Diflunisal, Fenoprofen, Ibuprofen, Indomethacin,
Ketoprofen, (Salicylates)
Heterocyclic antidepressants:
Meclofenamate, Naproxen, Phenylbutazone, Piroxicam, Sulindac,
Tolmetin
3.) Examples of those drugs reported to produce tinnitus
and no hearing loss are heterocyclic antidepressants, Valium,
and antihistamines.
Heterocyclic antidepressants:
Amitriptyline: Elavil, Endep Amoxapine: Asendin Desipramine:
Norpramin, Pertofrane Doxepin: Adapin, Sinequan Imipramine:Janimine,
Sk-pramine, Tofranil Maprotiline: Ludiomil Nortriptyline:
Aventyl, Pamelor Protriptyline: Vivactil Trazodone: Desyrel
Trimipramine: Surmontil ( Tricyclic Class)
Because of the known-association of auditory damage such
as acoustic trauma and tinnitus, it is not surprising that
other agents such as drugs that produce either temporary or
permanent auditory damage can also produce tinnitus . It is
more difficult to understand how drugs that have no other
known auditory effects are capable of producing tinnitus.
Some individuals who have tinnitus report that when they take
many different drugs their tinnitus becomes worse. Caffeine,
nicotine, and alcohol, while not considered to be drugs by
everyone, are also drugs that some people say augment their
tinnitus. However, However, I am not aware of any controlled
studies for these drugs in aggravating tinnitus.
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